Evolution on Structural Stability and Morphological Studies of Neodymium-Doped LiMn1.9Ti0.1O4 Spinel Cathodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Authors

  • M.H.H. Mokhtar Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
  • S.A.F. Bakri Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
  • I. Buniyamin Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
  • N.A.M. Makhatar Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia
  • A.F.M. Fadzil Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.37253/conescintech.v6i1.12703

Keywords:

LiMnTiO4, Rare-earth, Neodymium, Combustion, Lithium-Ion Batteries

Abstract

The spinel-structured material LiMn2O4 (LMO) has attracted attention for its good rate capability but suffers from capacity fading, manganese dissolution, and poor stability at high temperatures. Partial doping with other elements is an effective strategy to address these issues. To identify suitable dopant ratios for potential cathode material, the structural and morphological is studied through rare-earth doping with Neodymium (x=0.01 and x=0.05) using the Self-Propagating Combustion (SPC) method. X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirmed a single-phase cubic spinel formation without structural disorder. The XRD profiles show a very good fit between the observed and the database. The obtained samples were identified as single-phase spinel with a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure. The XRD data also indicate that Nd doping does not affect the formation of the cubic spinel structure of LiMn1.9Ti0.1O4. Annealing at 800 °C for 24 hours causes an increase in sample crystallinity. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDX) analyses showed uniformly distributed polyhedral particles ranges from 250nm to 450nm, with homogeneous distribution of Mn, Ti, Nd, and O. The synergy of advanced materials science results in a highly accelerated, scalable process for designing potential high-performance, upcoming-generation lithium-ion batteries.

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Published

2026-09-22

Issue

Vol. 6 No. 1 (2026): Conference on Business, Social Sciences and Technology (CoNeScINTech) - Article in Press

Section

Articles